Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science dedicated to creating systems that simulate human intelligence processes, including learning, reasoning, and perception.[](https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/artificial-intelligence) Its foundations emerged in the mid-20th century, with Alan Turing's 1950 exploration of whether machines can think laying early theoretical groundwork, followed by the 1956 Dartmouth Conference where the term"artificial intelligence"was formally proposed and the discipline was established as a research area.[](https://st.llnl.gov/news/look-back/birth-artificial-intelligence-ai-research)[](https://home.dartmouth.edu/about/artificial-intelligence-ai-coined-dartmouth) AI spans diverse subdomains, such as machine learning—a core subset enabling data-driven pattern recognition and prediction—and neural networks, which form the basis for advanced models mimicking brain-like processing.[](https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/ai-vs-machine-learning-vs-deep-learning-vs-neural-networks) Recent progress has been propelled by generative AI, a subset of machine learning, capable of creating novel content like text and images, though this has intensified ethical debates over issues including bias amplification, data privacy erosion, intellectual property infringement, and broader societal disruptions like job displacement.[](https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/tip/Generative-AI-ethics-8-biggest-concerns) In contrast to cognitive science's emphasis on modeling human cognition across disciplines like psychology and neuroscience, AI prioritizes engineering practical, computational solutions for intelligent task performance rather than purely biological replication.[](https://uxmag.com/articles/how-cognitive-science-and-artificial-intelligence-are-intertwined) ## Histoire

Artificial intelligence(AI) is the capability of computational systems to perform tasks typically associated with human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and decision-making. It is a field of research in computer science that develops and studies methods and software that enable machines to perceive their environment and use learning and intelligence to take actions that maximize their chances of achieving defined goals.